Nitrogen Fixation Cycle Flashcards | OmniSets.com (2024)

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{"ops":[{"insert":"Nitrogen Cycle\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"A cycle of matter in which nitrogen atoms move from nitrogen gas in the atmosphere to inorganic forms in the soil, to organic forms in living things, and then back to inorganic forms in the soil and nitrogen gas in the atmosphere.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Nitrogen Fixation\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Nitrification\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Ammonia or ammonium is turned into nitrite (NO2-) then nitrate (NO3-).\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Assimilation\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"The process by which plants and animals incorporate the NO3- and ammonia formed through nitrogen fixation and nitrification. Plants take up these forms of nitrogen through their roots, and incorporate them into plant proteins and nucleic acids. Animals are then able to utilize nitrogen from the plant tissues.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Ammonification\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Bacteria convert organic nitrogen compounds into ammonia and ammonium ions during decomposition.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Denitrification\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas which is returned to the atmosphere.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Eutrophication\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"High levels of nutrients are discharged into a waterway. This encourages plant and algae growth. When the plants and algae die, bacteria break them down. The bacteria use oxygen to do this and the oxygen levels go down. Animals and other organisms that live in the water die from lack of oxygen., \nA process by which nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, become highly concentrated in a body of water, leading to increased growth of organisms such as algae or cyanobacteria.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Nitrite\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"(NO2-) Produced by the first step of nitrification.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Nitrate\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"(NO3-) Produced by the second step of nitrification. This is the main form of nitrogen used by plants.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Hydrologic System\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Another term for the water cycle. This is the path H2O takes through nutrient cycles.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Ammonia\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"A small, very toxic molecule (NH3) produced by nitrogen fixation or as a metabolic waste product of protein and nucleic acid metabolism.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Ammonium\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"(NH4+) formed when water reacts with ammonia.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Nitrogen Oxides\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"(NOx) Major source is auto exhaust. Primary and secondary effects include acidification of lakes, respiratory irritation, leads to smog and ozone. Reduced using catalytic converters.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Nitrous Oxide\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"A greenhouse gas emitted from fertilizers and animal wastes and produced from burning fossil fuels, N₂O, produced by dentrifying bacteria.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Photochemical Smog\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Ozone that develops in sunny cities. It is formed by the action of sunlight on pollutants such as nitrogen oxides. Can create respiratory problems and acid rain.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Acid Deposition\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Caused by sulfuric and nitric acids as acid rain resulting in lowered pH of surface waters and soils. \nSulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, emitted by burning fossil fuels, enter the atmosphere-- where they mix with oxygen and water to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid-- and return to Earth's surface.\n\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Oxidation\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Loss of electrons. The interaction between oxygen molecules and other substances. Increase in oxidation state.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Reduction\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Any process in which electrons are added to an atom, molecule, or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen). Decrease in oxidation state.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Leaching\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Process in which various chemicals in upper layers of soil are dissolved and carried to lower layers and, in some cases, to groundwater. Nitrate is often lost to leaching.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Cation Exchange\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"A process in which positively charged minerals are made available to a plant when hydrogen ions in the soil displace mineral ions from the clay particles (colloids).\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Mineralization\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Part of the decomposition process involving soil microbes that decompose organic matter and release nutrients in their inorganic form such as phosphate (PO4), or turning ammonia into ammonium salts.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Biogeochemical Cycle\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"Process in which elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Phosphorus Cycle\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"The movement of phosphorus through the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Sulfur Cycle\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"The biogeochemical cycle by which sulfur is exchanged between the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Carbon Cycle\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"The cycle of carbon through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Methanogenesis\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"The formation of methane by microbes known as methanogens.\n"}]}####{"ops":[{"insert":"Ammonification\n"}]}##{"ops":[{"insert":"The process by which organic nitrogen compounds are converted into ammonia and ammonium ions during decomposition.\n"}]}####

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